Home / Logistics Knowledge / How to Import from China: The Complete Guide
Importing from China is within reach for small buyers, but the process has fixed steps. This guide walks through each one so you know what to do before you pay a supplier.
China's manufacturing base covers almost every product category, and freight forwarders regularly consolidate small orders into shared containers. You do not need to buy a full container to start. What you do need is a clear process: know your product's rules, choose a reliable supplier, agree on shipping terms, and let a broker or forwarder handle customs.
Start on platforms such as Alibaba or Made-in-China, attend the Canton Fair, or ask for referrals. Vet the supplier by checking their business license, requesting samples, and confirming they can provide the documents your product needs, such as a safety certificate or material declaration.
Some goods are restricted or need permits - batteries, chemicals, food, cosmetics, and wireless devices are common examples. Find the correct HS code for your product, because that code decides the duty rate and whether a license is required at the destination.
The Incoterm (such as EXW, FOB, CIF, or DDP) defines who pays for and controls each leg of the move. FOB is the most common starting point for new importers because the seller handles inland China transport and loading, while you control the main freight. Read our Incoterms 2020 guide before you sign.
For sea freight, choose between FCL (your own container) and LCL (shared container). For urgent or small shipments, air freight may be worth the premium. A freight forwarder can book the space and often act as your customs broker, or recommend one at the destination.
Your broker files the entry, customs may inspect the goods, and you pay the assessed duty and tax plus any handling fees. Duty depends on the HS code and country of origin; de minimis thresholds and trade agreements can reduce or remove it.
Once released, arrange final delivery. Inspect the goods on arrival and keep all customs documents for the required retention period, often five years in the U.S.
No. LCL consolidation lets you share a container and pay only for the space you use. Many first orders move as LCL or by air.
FOB (Free On Board) is common. The seller delivers the goods loaded on the vessel at the Chinese port, and you take over the main freight.
The importer of record pays duty and import tax at the destination, regardless of which Incoterm was used - the term only changes who arranges and prepays it.
Sea transit to major ports is typically 2 to 5 weeks plus origin and destination handling; air is usually 3 to 7 days door to airport.
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